Amaphrojekthi amaningi Wokunwetshwa Kwezindlu Ezigcina Impahla Aqala Ngombuzo Ongalungile
"Sidinga izindawo eziningi ze-pallet."
Lesi sidingo sivela ngokuphindaphindiwe kumaphrojekthi wokwandisa ama-warehouse. Njengoba amabhizinisi anda kanye nenani lempahla likhuphuka, umthamo wokugcina ngokushesha uba ibhodlela eliyinhloko.
Isixazululo sokuqala esihlongozwayo sivame ukuba nenkohliso eqondile:
"Singakwazi ukwenza amaphasishi abe mncane?"
Ephepheni, i-logic iphakama. Ama-aisles amancane anika amandla ama-rack eyengeziwe, futhi ama-racking amaningi aletha izikhundla ezengeziwe ze-pallet. Iloli elijwayelekile lokufinyelela lidinga cishe amamitha amathathu wendawo yokusebenza, kanti iforklift ye-VNA isebenza ngaphakathi kwamaphasishi aqine kakhulu. Ububanzi bendawo enciphayo bubonakala buyindlela eshesha kakhulu eya ekuminyaneni okuphezulu kwesitoreji.
Amaqembu amaningi ayakumisa ukuhlaziya kwawo kulesi sigaba.
Zonke izingxoxo zihlangana embuzweni owodwa wobuchwepheshe:
"Iyini ububanzi bendawo obujwayelekile beforklift ye-VNA?"
Kuzwakala njengombuzo ofanele ukuwubuza.
Ezimweni eziningi, akunjalo.
Ngemva kokubuyekeza inqwaba yemiklamo yokuklama kabusha indawo yokugcina impahla, ukuthambekela okukodwa kugqama ngokusobala. Izakhiwo ezihamba ezinkingeni zokusebenza ezansi komugqa azivamisile ukwakhiwa ngokugeleza kwezinto zangempela. Esikhundleni salokho, aklanywe azungeze isibalo esidonswe ngokuqondile eshidini lezinto zokusebenza.
Ububanzi bendawo akumele busethwe njengethagethi yomklamo.
Kuvela ezinqumweni eziningi ezibucayi ezenziwe ngaphambi kokukhethwa kwe-forklift.
Isikhungo Esisodwa Sokusabalalisa Sifunde Lokhu Ngendlela Enzima
Umhlinzeki-wezinkampani zangaphandle e-UK ubefuna ukukhulisa umthamo wesitoreji sendlu yempahla ngaphandle kokwandisa indawo yayo yokwakha.
Umgomo wawulula: engeza izindawo eziningi ze-pallet ngenkathi ugcina imisebenzi yansuku zonke isebenza kahle.
Ngemva kokuqhathanisa izixazululo eziningi zokuphatha izinto, ithimba lesikhungo likhethe isistimu ye-VNA, edonswa ukuminyana kwesitoreji okumangazayo. Izakhiwo ze-CAD zibonise ama-aisles aqinile, imigqa yama-racking eyengeziwe, nokwenyuka okucacile komthamo we-pallet.
Yonke into yayibukeka iyinhle ephepheni.
Nokho, empeleni, izinkinga zavela ngokushesha.
Ama-forklift e-VNA asebenze kahle ngendlela eklanywe ngayo ngaphakathi kwezindawo zokugcina eziwumngcingo - kodwa opharetha baqale ukulahlekelwa isikhathi esibalulekile kwenye indawo phansi.
Amaphasishi anqamulayo abe yizindawo zokuminyana ezinzima phakathi namashifu amatasa. Ama-Forklift abekwe kulayini ezindaweni eziphumayo alinde ukufinyelela. Isiteji se-pallet yesikhashana ngokuvamile sivimbe izindawo eziphendukayo.
Azikho kulezi zinkinga ezivele ezibalweni zesakhiwo sokuqala.
Ibhodlela langempela lalingekho phakathi kwama-aisles asebenzayo e-VNA.
Yayikhona kukho konke ukuhamba komsebenzi okuxhumayo okuzungezile.
Abahlinzeki besixazululo se-warehouse abathintekayo kumaphrojekthi afanayo okuklama kabusha bafinyelele esiphethweni esifanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe: ukuncishiswa kwamaphasishi kuthuthukisa ukuminyana kwesitoreji kuphela lapho ukugeleza kwempahla yendawo yokugcina impahla kulungiselelwa kabusha ukuze kufane. Uma kungenjalo, izikhundla ze-pallet ezisanda kutholwa zivame ukuxazululwa ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane kanye nokwehla kokusebenza okuphelele.
Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kubumba kabusha wonke umqondo wedizayini.
Esikhundleni sokubuza:
"Singawakha umngcingo kangakanani?"
umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu uba:
"Izohamba kanjani zonke i-pallet kule ndlu yokugcina impahla ngemuva kokushintsha kwesakhiwo?"
Impendulo ayitholakali eshidini elijwayelekile le-forklift.
Inombolo Ayifiki Kuqala
Abantu bahlale befuna impendulo elula, eqondile: "Iyini ububanzi bephasishi obujwayelekile bokusebenza kwe-VNA?"Iqiniso liwukuthi, ayikho indinganiso yendawo yonke ekhona.
Umbono oyiphutha omkhulu ekuhlelweni kwesakhiwo sendawo yokugcina impahla ukuphatha ububanzi bendawo njengendlela yokuzimela, ivelu yomklamo engashintshi. Eqinisweni, ububanzi bendawo buwumphumela wokugcina wokuhlukahluka okuningi okuxhumene, hhayi{1}}usayizi owodwa-olingana{3}}wonke umkhakha.
Imininingwane ye-Forklift iyingcezu eyodwa kuphela ye-puzzle.
Ubukhulu bephalethi nabo badlala indima ebalulekile.
Ama-pallet ajwayelekile awavamile ukuhlala kahle endaweni yawo yokubeka. I-overhang yokulayisha, ikhwalithi ye-pallet engahambisani, amabhodi edeski elimele, nokugoqa okuphumayo okuphumela ngaphandle konke kudla endaweni etholakalayo yokuqondisa i-forklift.
Ngaphandle kwe-hardware nemithwalo, imikhuba yokusebenza yansuku zonke yenza umehluko.
Indawo yokugcina impahla ephansi-yesivinini esiphansi ayisebenzi ngalutho njengesikhungo sokugcwalisa-se-turnover e{2}}ephezulu ye-e{2}}esingatha amakhulukhulu okunyakaza kwe-pallet njalo ngehora.
Ingabe ama-forklift ahamba ngendlela eyodwa-noma ama-bi-endlela eyodwa kuma-aisles?
Ingabe abasebenzi babelana ngemizila yethrafikhi efanayo?
Ingabe imisebenzi yesikhashana yesiteji ye-pallet ijwayelekile phakathi namashifu aphezulu?
Yonke imininingwane yokusebenza ishintsha indawo yokugcina edingekayo.
Imihlahlandlela yokuklama imboni yobungcweti ibonisa lokhu kunengqondo. Kunokuba baphoqelele ububanzi bendawo yonke, babeka kuqala okusebenzayo-ekususweni kwesayithi - izikhala eziphephile phakathi kwama-forklift, amaphalethi nezakhiwo zokukala - ngaphambi kokwendlalela ebuncaneni obuncane bokusebenza bomkhiqizi bezinto zokusebenza ezikhethiwe.
Kungakho abaklami bezindlu zokugcina impahla abavamile ukuqala ngephasishi ngokwalo.
Baqala ngokuqonda ukuhlinzwa ngokwako.
Umthetho othi "1.8-Metre Rule" Awukho
Kuvamile ukuhlangana nokuqukethwe okubonisa ukuthi amaphasishi e-VNA ngokuvamile asukela ku-1.6 kuya ku-1.9 wamamitha ububanzi.
Lo mkhawulokudonsa ungasebenza njengesithenjwa esinzima.Akusiyona indinganiso yokuklama.
Lezi zilinganiso zincike kusethi yezimo ezithile: imodeli ye-forklift, usayizi we-pallet, isistimu yokuqondisa kanye nokucaciswa kwephansi. Shintsha noma yikuphi okuguquguqukayo okukodwa, futhi ububanzi obudingekayo bendawo buyashintsha ngokufanele.
I-warehouse efakwe amaloli e-VNA anezintambo{{0}eziqondisiwe izosekela isakhiwo esihlukile uma siqhathaniswa nesayithi esebenzisa ujantshi{1}}amayunithi aqondisiwe.
Izinsiza ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo amaphalethi abhekene nezingqinamba ezihlukile kunalezo ezibamba izilinganiso zephalethi ezixubile.
Ukucaba kwephansi nakho kunomthelela omkhulu esibalweni. Imishini ye-VNA isebenza ngezikhala ezincane zokuvula. Ukubekezelela phansi okungase kwamukeleke elolini elifinyelelayo kungadala izinkinga zokuma ohlelweni lwe-VNA.
Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani ukuphindaphinda kwesakhiwo sesinye i-warehouse kungavamile ukuletha imiphumela efanayo.
Isayithi lingasebenzisa imodeli ye-VNA ncamashi.
Nokho cishe izohluka uma kuziwa emikhiqizweni, amaphalethi, ukuhamba kwethrafikhi kanye nezigqi zokusebenza zansuku zonke.
Lo mehluko yiwo ohlukanisa{0}}izakhiwo ze-VNA ezisetshenziswe kahle ekonakaleni ezibizayo.
I-Aisle Encane Ayihlali Iwarehouse Engcono
Uma ububanzi bendawo sebulungisiwe, amaqembu amaningi akholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi wokuhlela onzima kakhulu usuqediwe.
Eqinisweni, lokhu kuvame ukuvela lapho izinselele ezintsha zivela khona.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi kaningi kangakanani izingxoxo zokuhlela i-warehouse zigxila kumfanekiso owodwa nje: ububanzi obucacile bendawo phakathi kwemigqa yama-rack. Kodwa i-forklift ye-VNA ayisebenzi kuphela kuleyo ndawo yokugcina.
Idinga ukungena endleleni.Phuma endleleni.Jika phakathi kwamaphasishi.Finyelela izindawo zesiteji.Dlulisa amaphalethi ezindaweni zokwamukela nezokuthumela.
Ukunyakaza ngakunye kudinga isikhala esingakaze sivele kumugqa we-aisle wesihloko.
Siqaphele amaphrojekthi lapho ukuminyana kwesitoreji kwenyuka khona njengoba bekubikezelwe, kodwa ukusebenza kwawo akuzange kube ngcono kangako.Abasebenzisi bachitha isikhathi esiningi belindile ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo ngenxa yokuthi kwakungadlula iloli elilodwa ngesikhathi. Amaphalethi esikhashana amiswe eduze kwentuba yokungena ayenqande ukubonakala, okuphoqa abashayeli ukuthi behlise isivinini ngaphambi kokungena kuzo zonke izindawo zesitoreji. Azikho kulezi zinkinga ezivele ezakhiweni zangempela ze-CAD, njengoba idizayini ibeka phambili umthamo wesitoreji esikhundleni sokuphela-ukuze{4}}kuqede ukugeleza kokubalulekile.
Kungakho abaklami bezindlu zokugcina impahla abavamile ukukhulisa indawo eyodwa.
Bathuthukisa ukuhamba okugcwele kokunyakaza kuyo yonke indawo yokugcina impahla.
Imininingwane emincane ivamise ukuba yizingqinamba ezinkulu kakhulu
Ngemva kokusekela ukufakwa kwe-VNA okungabaleki, iphethini eyodwa engaguquki iyacaca.
Ukuyekethisa okukhulu kwedizayini akuvamile ukuthi kuvele ku-forklift ngokwayo.
Zivela emininingwaneni emincane ebonakala ingabalulekile phakathi nesigaba sokuhlela.Ubukhulu bePallet busebenza njengesibonelo esihle.
Amaqembu amaningi e-warehouse acabanga ukuthi yonke i-pallet izofana.
Izimo zomhlaba-zangempela azihambisani kakhulu. Amaphalethi e-Timber amunca umswakama futhi anyakaze kancane.
Amaphalethi epulasitiki anokwehluka okuncane kobukhulu kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene.
Ukugoqa kokwelula kuvame ukuphumela ngaphandle komjikelezo wephalethi.
Amabhodi edeski elimele adala izimo zomthwalo ezingajwayelekile.
Ngamunye, lo mehluko ubonakala ungabalulekile.
Bebonke, banciphisa imvume yokusebenza etholakala ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-VNA.
Ngakho-ke isiqondiso sesakhiwo semboni sincoma ukubala ubukhulu bendawo yokuhlangana ngokususelwe kumthwalo wangempela omkhulu kunawo wonke osebenzayo, esikhundleni sosayizi wephalethi ovamile osohlwini lwamadokhumenti okuthenga. Ukucaciswa kwezinhlangothi eziphephile kanye ne-pallet overhang kumele kuhlanganiswe kusukela ekuqaleni, kunokuba kubhekwe njengokubekezelela okusele kokufakwa.
Ikhwalithi yaphansi iveza enye inselele.
Amaloli afinyelela ezingeni elijwayelekile ngokuvamile abhekana nokungapheleli okuncane kwaphansi ngaphandle kwemithelela emikhulu ekukhiqizeni.
Amaloli e-VNA awakwazi.
Le mishini isebenza ezindaweni ezicacile kakhulu - ikakhulukazi izintambo-eziqondisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zikaloliwe{2}}eziqondisiwe. Ngisho nokungahambi kahle kwephansi kungathinta ukuzinza kwensika, ukuma komthwalo kanye nohambo olushelelayo lapho usebenza endaweni ephakeme.
Lokho kuchaza ukuthi kungani abahlinzeki abangomakadebona bevame ukwenza inhlolovo yaphansi ngaphambi kokuphothula izakhiwo ze-warehouse, hhayi ngemuva kokuthi amarakhi asevele akhiwe.
Iphrojekthi Yangempela Ebeka Ukugeleza Okubalulekile Esikhundleni Sokuminyana
Enye yamaphrojekthi e-VNA okubhekiselwa kuwo kaningi e-Europe ivela kumhlinzeki wezokuthutha u-Kuehne+Nagel, lapho ukunwetshwa kwendawo yokugcina impahla kwaqhutshwa ukwanda kwesidingo samakhasimende esikhundleni sokwakha ukunwetshwa.
Kunokuba kuqale ngokuthi zingaki izindawo zephalethi ezengeziwe ezingacindezelwa ku-footprint ekhona, ithimba labaklami laqale lafaka imephu isiphetho-ukuze{1}}liqede ukunyakaza kwezinto osukwini olugcwele lokusebenza.
-Ama-SKU asheshayo abekwe ezindaweni eziseduze zokuthunyelwa.
I-inventory ye-reserve ifakwe phakathi nendawo yokugcina.
Amaphasishi anqamulayo atholakala ezindaweni zokuhlangana kwethrafikhi yemvelo, esikhundleni sokuthi zihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo kuso sonke isakhiwo.
Indawo yokugcina impahla ilethe amandla amakhulu ngesikhathi igcina ukuhleleka okuqinile kokukhetha ukusebenza kahle. Okuthathwe kumaphrojekthi afana nalokhu kusobala.
Umthamo we-warehouse osebenzayo awufinyelelwa ngokunciphisa yonke indawo ukuze ube nobubanzi obuncane obungenzeka.
Ivela ekulinganiseni ukuminyana kwesitoreji nokugeleza okuqhubekayo, okungavimbekile.
Lapho Ukuhlelwa Kwe-VNA Kungesona Isixazululo Esilungile
Lo mbuzo obalulekile awuvamile ukunakwa ngokwanele.
Uhlelo lwe-VNA alulona olulungele yonke indawo yokugcina impahla.
Ukusebenza okuxubene kaningi-nokukhethwa kwe-SKU, ukunyakaza kwabahamba ngezinyawo okungaguquki noma amaloli aqhubekayo-ukuya{2}ukuthutha kwamaloli ngokuvamile kuzothola amaphasishi amancane kudala ukungqubuzana kokusebenza okuningi kunezinzuzo.
Ngokufanayo, amasayithi asebenzelana nekhwalithi ye-pallet engahambisani, indawo ephansi engalingani noma amaphrofayili e-inventory ahlala eshintsha angase ehluleke ukufeza izinzuzo zokusebenza kahle ezibikezelwe esigabeni sokuklama.
Kulezi zimo, amaloli afinyelelekayo ajwayelekile noma ama-forklift acacisiwe angaletha ukusebenza okuphakeme kakhulu - ngisho noma kuphumela ezindaweni ezimbalwa zokugcina i-pallet.
Lokho akuwona umkhawulo wobuchwepheshe be-VNA.
Kumane kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi idizayini ye-warehouse kufanele iqale ngezimfuneko zokusebenza kunamakhono emishini.
I-forklift kufanele ivumelane ne-warehouse.
Indawo yokugcina impahla akufanele ilungiswe kabusha ukuze ifake i-forklift.
Ukuhlela Imibuzo Efanele Ukuphendulwa Ngaphambi Kokuphothula Isakhiwo
Ngaphambi kokukhiya kusakhiwo se-VNA, abahleli bezindlu zokugcina impahla abanolwazi batshala isikhathi esiningi beqoqa idatha yokusebenza kunokuqhathanisa izincwajana ze-forklift.
Imibuzo efana nalena ivamise ukudalula izingqinamba zedizayini ezifihliwe ngaphambi kokufakwa:Ingakanani i-pallet ephezulu noma ukulayisha iloli okuzodingeka liwuphathe ngenkathi isebenza, hhayi nje usayizi ojwayelekile ojwayelekile?
Ingabe amaphasishi anqamulayo azohlala ecacile phakathi nomsebenzi ophakeme?
Ingabe iphansi liyahlangabezana nezidingo zokuthi flat ukusebenza kwe-VNA eqondisiwe?
Mangaki ama-forklift azobe esebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa?
Azobekwa kuphi amaphalethi angenalutho, isitokwe sesiteji kanye nemithwalo yokugcwalisa?
Ingabe imizila yokufinyelela nezimo eziphuthumayo izohlala ingavimbekile uma ukuminyana kwesitoreji kunyukile?Le mibuzo ngeke ikhiqize{0}}imidwebo yesakhiwo esibambayo.
Kepha bakha imiklamo yezindlu zokugcina izinto ezisebenza ngokuthembekile iminyaka ngemuva kokuthunywa.
Imicabango yokugcina
Iningi labantu lenza idizayini ye-warehouse ye-VNA ibe lula kuze kufike kumgomo owodwa: ukwenza amaphasishi abe mncane kakhulu.
Kodwa ngemva kokuletha inqwaba yamaphrojekthi wokuhlelwa kwezindlu zokugcina impahla, kuyacaca ukuthi lokhu kugeja isithombe esikhulu ngokuphelele.
Ububanzi bendawo buwumphumela wokuphela obonakalayo.
Umsebenzi wangempela wokuklama wenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu - ngokuqonda okugcwele kwamaphrofayela e-inventory, ukunyakaza kwe-forklift, ukungahambisani kwe-pallet, amaphethini wethrafikhi kanye nokukhula kokusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo.
Uma zonke lezi zici zihlolwa kahle ndawonye, ububanzi bendawo ekahle buyazichaza ngokwemvelo.
Lesi yisifundo esiwumongo ngemuva kwakho konke ukuqaliswa kwe-VNA okuyimpumelelo.
Umbuzo womklamo olungile awulokothi:
"Singayenza ibe mngcingo kangakanani indlela yokuhamba?"
Ihlala njalo:
"Indlu yokugcina impahla ingazigcina kanjani izinto ezihamba kahle ngenkathi zisebenzisa indawo etholakalayo ngendlela engcono kakhulu?"
Izinqolobane eziphendula umbuzo wesibili ngokuthembekile zigcina zinempendulo efanele kowokuqala.
